A soil model considering principal stress rotation

An elastoplastic soil model considering the principal stress rotation (PSR) is proposed, which occurs in many geotechnical engineering problems such as in offshore foundations under wave loading. The model is developed on the basis of a well-established kinematic hardening soil model using the bounding surface concept. The significance of including the PSR in soil models is presented. The proposed model can consider the PSRs under multiple directions, and features relatively simple formulations and easy numerical implementations. Model predictions under one and multiple PSRs are compared, and the latter leads to a larger damage to soils than the former.