Seismic response of free-field earthquakes in unsaturated soils with P-wave incidence under thermal effects

MA Qiang; YANG Yiqi; ZHOU Fengxi; SHAO Shengjun

doi:10.11779/CJGE20230841

Volume 47 Issue 3

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering > 2025 > 47(3): 569-579. > DOI: 10.11779/CJGE20230841

MA Qiang, YANG Yiqi, ZHOU Fengxi, SHAO Shengjun. Seismic response of free-field earthquakes in unsaturated soils with P-wave incidence under thermal effects[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2025, 47(3): 569-579. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE20230841

Citation:

PDF (2775 KB)

Seismic response of free-field earthquakes in unsaturated soils with P-wave incidence under thermal effects

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
2.
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
3.
School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

More Information

Received Date: September 03, 2023
Available Online: August 20, 2024

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Based on the theories of wave propagation in single-phase and unsaturated porous thermoelastic media, a free-field model for unsaturated soils under plane P-wave incidence is established, and the Helmholtz vector decomposition principle is employed to analyze the wave fields in the free field of unsaturated soils under the action of thermal effects, and analytical solutions for the seismic response of the free field of unsaturated soils under the action of thermal effects with plane P-wave incidence are obtained. The influences of thermal physical parameters such as thermal conductivity, medium temperature, and thermal expansion coefficient on the seismic response of a free field of unsaturated soils is analyzed through numerical calculations. The results show that the displacement magnification factors of the ground obtained under the two theoretical models considering and not considering thermal effects have apparent differences. The horizontal displacement magnification factor gradually increases with the increase of the thermal conductivity, but the vertical one is almost unchanged. The horizontal displacement magnification factor gradually increases with the increase of the coefficient of thermal expansion, while the vertical one decreases gradually. With the increase of the medium temperature, the horizontal displacement magnification factor decreases, and the vertical one gradually increases. In addition, with the increase of the saturation degree, the horizontal displacement magnification factor gradually decreases, and the vertical one gradually increases, which indicates that the existence of gas phase in the soils has a significant influence on the surface displacement magnification factor.
- unsaturated porous thermoelastic medium,
- free field,
- seismic response,
- thermophysical parameter,
- plane P-wave

FullText(HTML)

References (25)

References

[1]	BIOT M A. General solutions of the equations of elasticity and consolidation for a porous material[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1956, 23(1): 91-96. doi: 10.1115/1.4011213
[2]	LIU Z X, LIU J Q, MENG S B, et al. Diffraction of elastic waves by a fluid-filled crack in a fluid-saturated poroelastic half-space[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 2021, 225: 1530-1553. doi: 10.1093/gji/ggab043
[3]	范凯祥, 申玉生, 闻毓民, 等. 平面Rayleigh波入射下饱和土中浅埋隧道复合式衬砌的动力响应[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2022, 44(3): 444-455. doi: 10.11779/CJGE202203006 FAN Kaixiang, SHEN Yusheng, WEN Yumin, et al. Dynamic response of composite linings of shallowly buried tunnels in saturated soils subjected to incidence of plane Rayleigh waves[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 44(3): 444-455. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE202203006
[4]	禹海涛, 王治坤, 刘中宪. SV波入射下均匀饱和地层渗透系数对深埋隧道的影响机制[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2022, 44(2): 201-211. doi: 10.11779/CJGE202202001 YU Haitao, WANG Zhikun, LIU Zhongxian. Influence mechanism of permeability coefficient in homogeneously saturated strata on responses of deep tunnels under incidence of SV waves[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 44(2): 201-211. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE202202001
[5]	巴振宁, 梁建文, 梅雄一. 斜入射平面SH波在层状饱和半空间中沉积谷地周围的三维散射[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(3): 476-486. http://cge.nhri.cn/article/id/15001 BA Zhenning, LIANG Jianwen, MEI Xiongyi. Three-dimensional scattering of obliquely incident plane SH waves in alluvial valley embedded in layered saturated half-space[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(3): 476-486. (in Chinese) http://cge.nhri.cn/article/id/15001
[6]	邹新军, 杨紫健, 吴文兵. 非饱和土地基中端承桩对SH波的水平地震响应[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2024, 46(1): 72-80. doi: 10.11779/CJGE20221125 ZOU Xinjun, YANG Zijian, WU Wenbing. Horizontal seismic response of end-bearing piles in unsaturated soil foundation under SH waves[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2024, 46(1): 72-80. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE20221125
[7]	WEI C F, MURALEETHARAN K K. A continuum theory of porous media saturated by multiple immiscible fluids: Ⅰ linear poroelasticity[J]. International Journal of Engineering Science, 2002, 40(16): 1807-1833. doi: 10.1016/S0020-7225(02)00068-X
[8]	CHEN W Y, XIA T D, HU W T. A mixture theory analysis for the surface-wave propagation in an unsaturated porous medium[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2011, 48(16/17): 2402-2412.
[9]	CHEN W Y, XIA T D, CHEN W, et al. Propagation of plane P-waves at interface between elastic solid and unsaturated poroelastic medium[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2012, 33(7): 829-844.
[10]	TOMAR S K, ARORA A. Reflection and transmission of elastic waves at an elastic/porous solid saturated by two immiscible fluids[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2006, 43(7/8): 1991-2013.
[11]	LORD H W, SHULMAN Y. A generalized dynamical theory of thermoelasticity[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1967, 15(5): 299-309.
[12]	PECKER C, DERESIEWICZ H. Thermal effects on wave propagation in liquid-filled porous media[J]. Acta Mechanica, 1973, 16(1/2).
[13]	YOUSSEF H M. Theory of generalized porothermoelasticity[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2007, 44(2): 222-227.
[14]	柳鸿博, 周凤玺, 岳国栋, 等. 非饱和土中热弹性波的传播特性分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(5): 1613-1624. LIU Hongbo, ZHOU Fengxi, YUE Guodong, et al. Analysis of propagation characteristics of thermoelastic waves in unsaturated soils[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(5): 1613-1624. (in Chinese)
[15]	郑荣跃, 刘干斌, 邓岳保, 等. SV波在饱和多孔热弹性介质平面界面上的反射[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(增刊2): 839-843. http://cge.nhri.cn/article/id/15502 ZHENG Rongyue, LIU Qianbin, DENG Yuebao, et al. Reflection of SV waves on plane interface of saturated porous thermoelastic media[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(S2): 839-843. (in Chinese) http://cge.nhri.cn/article/id/15502
[16]	柳鸿博, 周凤玺, 郝磊超. 平面S波在饱和多孔热弹性介质边界的反射问题研究[J]. 地震工程学报, 2021, 43(1): 105-112. LIU Hongbo, ZHOU Fengxi, HAO Leichao. Reflection of plane S waves at the boundary of saturated porous thermo-elastic media[J]. China Earthquake Engineering Journal, 2021, 43(1): 105-112. (in Chinese)
[17]	ZHOU F X, ZHANG R L, LIU H B, et al. Reflection characteristics of plane-S-wave at the free boundary of unsaturated porothermoelastic media[J]. Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2020, 43(5): 579-593.
[18]	LIU H B, DAI G L, ZHOU F X, et al. A mixture theory analysis for reflection phenomenon of homogeneous plane-P1-wave at the boundary of unsaturated porothermoelastic media[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 2021, 228(2): 1237-1259.
[19]	WEI W, ZHENG R Y, LIU G B, et al. Reflection and refraction of P wave at the interface between thermoelastic and porous thermoelastic medium[J]. Transport in Porous Media, 2016, 113(1): 1-27.
[20]	HOU W T, FU L Y, CARCIONE J M, et al. Reflection and transmission of inhomogeneous plane waves in thermoelastic media[J]. Frontiers in Earth Science, 2022, 10: 850331.
[21]	LIU H B, DAI G L, ZHOU F X, et al. Propagation behavior of homogeneous plane-P1-wave at the interface between a thermoelastic solid medium and an unsaturated porothermoelastic medium[J]. European Physical Journal Plus, 2021, 136(11): 1163.
[22]	李伟华, 郑洁. 饱和度对平面P波入射下自由场地地震反应的影响分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2017, 39(3): 427-435. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201703005 LI Weihua, ZHENG Jie. Effects of saturation on free-field responses of site due to plane P-wave incidence[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(3): 427-435. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201703005
[23]	LI W H, ZHENG J, TRIFUNAC M D. Saturation effects on ground motion of unsaturated soil layer-bedrock system excited by plane P and SV waves[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2018, 110: 159-172.
[24]	LIU H B, JIANG M, ZHOU F, et al. Attenuation characteristics of thermoelastic waves in unsaturated soil[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2021, 14(18): 1-11.
[25]	郑洁. 非饱和土自由场地地震地面运动的解析分析[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2015. ZHENG Jie. Analytical Analysis of Earthquake Ground Motion in Unsaturated Soil Free Field[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2015. (in Chinese)

[1]	LIU Hongwei, WANG Mengqi, ZHAN Liangtong, FENG Song, WU Tao. Method and apparatus for measuring in-situ gas diffusion coefficient and permeability coefficient of unsaturated soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2024, 46(5): 948-958. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE20221228
[2]	JI Yong-xin, ZHANG Wen-jie. Experimental study on diffusion of chloride ions in unsaturated soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2021, 43(9): 1755-1760. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE202109022
[3]	XU Fei, CAI Yue-bo, QIAN Wen-xun, WEI Hua, ZHUANG Hua-xia. Mechanism of cemented soil modified by aliphatic ionic soil stabilizer[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2019, 41(9): 1679-1687. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201909012
[4]	HUANG Wei, LIU Qing-bing, XIANG Wei, ZHANG Yun-long, WANG Zhen-hua, DAO Minh Huan. Water adsorption characteristics and water retention model for montmorillonite modified by ionic soil stabilizer[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2019, 41(1): 121-130. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201901013
[5]	ZHANG Wen-jie, GU Chen, LOU Xiao-hong. Measurement of hydraulic conductivity and diffusion coefficient of backfill for soil-bentonite cutoff wall under low consolidation pressure[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(10): 1915-1921. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201710021
[6]	HUANG Qing-fu, ZHAN Mei-li, SHENG Jin-chang, LUO Yu-long, ZHANG Xia. Numerical method to generate granular assembly with any desired relative density based on DEM[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2015, 37(3): 537-543. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE201503019
[7]	LIU Qing-bing, XIANG Wei, CUI De-shan. Effect of ionic soil stabilizer on bound water of expansive soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012, 34(10): 1887-1895.
[8]	LIU Qing-bing, XIANG Wei, CUI De-shan, CAO Li-jing. Mechanism of expansive soil improved by ionic soil stabilizer[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33(4): 648.
[9]	Microcosmic mechanism of ion transport in charged clay soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(11): 1794-1799.
[10]	XI Yong, Hui, REN Jie. Laboratory determination of diffusion and distribution coefficients of contaminants in clay soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2006, 28(3): 397-402.