MICP 技术修复静载损伤黄土的效果与机制研究

    Study on the Effect and Mechanism of MICP Technology for Repairing Static Load-Damaged Loess

    • 摘要: 针对静载致黄土力学性能劣化、水稳定性降低的工程难题,开展MICP(微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积)修复静载损伤黄土试验研究。通过无侧限抗压、三轴剪切、崩解试验表征宏观效果,结合生物活性监测、SEM及XRD分析揭示修复机制与关键影响因素。结果表明,MICP可显著修复损伤黄土性能:轻-中度损伤(2%~3%应变)试样抗压强度超原状土8.7%~15.7%,重度损伤(5%应变)强度接近原状土;内摩擦角从12.81°提升至36°,崩解时间延长至未处理土的5倍。钙源浓度与养护时间为核心参数,2~2.5mol/L适配pH=9.1的宁夏盐池弱碱性黄土,生成5~20μm立方体方解石,修复效果最优;养护14天达强度峰值,28天仍具矿化潜力。修复机制为“生物代谢-矿物胶结-力学强化”协同效应,MICP适配黄土特性,为黄土高原岩土工程损伤修复提供技术路径与参数支撑。

       

      Abstract: To solve the engineering problem of loess mechanical degradation and reduced water stability due to static loading, this study applies MICP (Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation) to repair statically damaged loess. Macroscopic effects were tested by unconfined compression, triaxial shear and slaking tests. The repair mechanism and key factors were analyzed via biological activity monitoring, SEM and XRD. Results show MICP significantly improves damaged loess properties: lightly to moderately damaged samples (2%~3% strain) have unconfined compressive strength 8.7%~15.7% higher than undisturbed loess, while severely damaged ones (5% strain) reach similar strength. The internal friction angle rises from 12.81° to 36° (restoring strength-confining pressure linear correlation), and slaking time is 5 times that of untreated loess. Calcium source concentration and curing time are core parameters; 2~2.5mol/L is optimal for Yanchi’s weakly alkaline loess (pH=9.1), generating 5~20μm cubic calcite crystals with best effect. Strength peaks at 14 days of curing, with residual mineralization potential at 28 days. Repair relies on the "biological metabolism-mineral cementation-mechanical enhancement" synergy, and MICP adapts well to loess’ weak alkalinity and low saturation, doubling slaking resistance under low concentration and short curing, supporting geotechnical repair in the Loess Plateau.

       

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