Abstract: To address the significant discrepancies in stability analysis results caused by ambiguous resistance definitions and complex thrust distribution mechanisms in the design of multi-row anti-slide piles, this study develops a new stability analysis method for pile-reinforced landslides. The proposed method is characterized by clear physical concepts, computational robustness, and direct applicability in engineering practice. A computational model based on the "stage-by-stage static balance" principle is established, which discretizes the sliding mass into blocks and achieves stability through a mechanism of progressive balance between the downslide forces and the composite resistance from the upstream piles. Furthermore, a "pile-soil deformation coordination" model is introduced to quantify the pile resistance, comprehensively accounting for the pile flexural stiffness, the foundation resistance within the embedded segment, and the pile-head displacement. Analysis of a case study demonstrates that the proposed method produces a global stability factor of 1.005 and a critical pile row resistance of 2547.2 kN/m. These results lie between the outputs from Lizheng software (a stability factor of 0.987 and a resistance of 1175.0 kN/m) and GEO5 software (a stability factor of 1.09 and a resistance of 3186.8 kN/m), effectively mitigating the design risks of "over-conservatism" or "potential overestimation" associated with conventional methods. This study confirms that the stability analysis framework centered on "deterministic resistance" offers conceptually clear and rationally consistent outcomes, providing a novel and practical design pathway that circumvents the intricate challenge of thrust distribution in multi-row anti-slide pile design.