Abstract: This study systematically investigates the relationship between internal deformation and surface displacement in progressive retrogressive landslides through a series of centrifuge model tests of the Qingshi Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Key findings show that (1) The slope exhibits initial settlement, follows by tensile crack propagation and shear surface formation, culminating in sequential block destabilization displaying retrogressive failure patterns. (2) A novel four-phase (eight-subphase) landslide classification system is established using displacement-time curves and soil overconsolidation ratios, encompassing consolidation and multi-stage block failure. (3) Evolutionary rate analysis (D: crack width variation per unit time) identifies critical thresholds for accelerated block deformation. The work innovatively clarifies deformation coupling mechanisms in retrogressive landslides, providing theoretical support for enhanced monitoring and risk prevention strategies in complex geological environments.