Abstract: To solve the problem of uneven wear of the whole shield cutters in the EPB shield tunneling process in sand–pebble strata, a method is established for calculating wear of cutters the based on the principle of friction and wear, and the a theories of uniform wear of shield cutters and the design method of cutterhead and cutters are proposed. The EDEM particle flow numerical software is used to establish a uniform wear shield tunneling model for the sand–pebble stratum 6.6 m in depth, and the uniform wear performance of the whole cutters is verified. The results show that: (1) The uniform wear of the whole cutters can be achieved by designing different cutterhead alignments and arranging a specific number of cutters on each trajectory radius. (2) The cutterhead alignment and the number of cutters are related to the "circumferential knife index β" and "formation lithology index n". In a specific stratum, the value of β is the key factor affecting the design of the shield cutterhead and cutters with uniform wear, and the reasonable range of value of β is 1.83~2 for the conventional shield (2.5 m≤R < 6 m). For large shield (R≥6 m), a flat cutterhead should be designed, and r² cutters should be arranged on each trajectory. (3) Under the uniform wear scheme, the difference in the wear degree of the whole cutters is small, the tool wear coefficient of the outer ring of the cutterhead is greatly reduced, and the maximum continuous excavation distance without changing the cutters significantly increases.