Figures of the Article
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Model and parameters of multi-tiered GRS retaining wall
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Flow chart of tensile loads on reinforcement of tiered GRS walls
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Comparison of reinforcement strengths for Example 1
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Comparison of failure surfaces for Example 2
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Effects of offset distance on required reinforcement strength and length for various internal friction angles
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Location of Tmax for baseline with D of 1 and 3 m
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Critical offset distances for various internal friction angles
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Effects of offset distance on required reinforcement strength and length for various inclination angles
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Effects of offset distance on required reinforcement strength and length for various reinforcement spacings
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Effects of offset distance on required reinforcement.strength for various tier numbers
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Differences of sliding moment between two- and three-tiered walls
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Effects of offset distance on required reinforcement length for various tier numbers
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Effects of upper wall height H1 on required reinforcement strength and length
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Distribution of reinforcement tensile loads on and position of Tmax derived from different design solutions
Tables of the Article
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编号 土体参数 挡墙几何参数 加筋参数 1 γ = 18 kN/m3, c = 0 kPa,
φ = 34°H = 6 m (N = 2),9 m (N = 3),
α = 0°Sv = 0.6 m,
L = 6.3 m2 γ = 19 kN/m3, c = 10 kPa,
φ = 28°H = 12 m, N = 4, D = 1 m,
α = 0°Sv = 0.5 m (最下一级为0.25 m), L = 8 m 注:算例1取自数值分析模型[8],算例2取自现场试验模型[13],各级挡墙高度和台阶宽度相同。 -
文献 方法 判别标准 Dcr FHWA[1] 土压力法 经验 tan(90°-φ) H2 NCMA[2] 土压力法 经验 下级墙筋材长度L2 Leshchinsky等[8] 极限平衡法 筋材最大拉力 0.8H2 Yoo等[15] 有限元法 筋材最大拉力墙面变形量 0.73H2
0.8H2Mohamed等[5] 有限元法 筋材最大拉力墙面变形量 0.73H2
0.82H2杨广庆等[14] 模型试验 墙面变形量 2H2/3 Gao等[17] 有限差分法 墙面变形量 0.82H2/tanφ 本文方法 极限平衡法 筋材最大拉力 0.45H2/tanφ -
设计方法 ∑Tmax-i/
(kN·m)∑Li/m FHWA方法 N = 2
H1 = 6 m531.86 243.6
(8.4 m/层*29层)本文
方法N = 2
H1 = 6 m459.65 242.3
(8.5 m/层*15层+8.2 m/层*14层)N = 3
H1 = 4 m
H2 = H3 = 4 m463.31 235.5
(8.9 m/层*10层+8.8 m/层*10层+6.5 m/层*9层)N = 3
H1 = 6 m
H2 = H3 = 3 m442.25 230.5
(8.6 m/层*15层+7.5 m/层*7层+7.0 m/层*7层) -
设计方法 抗滑稳定 抗倾覆稳定 整体稳定 FHWA方法 N = 2 1.62 1.43 2.09 本文方法 N = 2 1.61 1.44 2.06 N = 3
H1 = 4 m1.55 1.48 1.80 N = 3
H1 = 6 m1.53 1.50 1.84