SMP-based anisotropic strength criteria of granular materials

Assuming that the friction angle on different slip planes varied with the angle between the slip plane and bedding plane,an anisotropic strength criterion was established based on the concept of SMP.The formulation for cross-anisotropic granular materials was then derived.The capability of the newly developed strength criterion,named as ASMP,was examined by comparison between the results of simulation with ASMP and the available experimental data under two typical conditions.It was shown that the anisotropic strength criterion could capture the variation of the shear strength under general stress conditions,especially when the direction of deposition varied arbitrarily.The practical formulations under the above two conditions were also presented.