福岛核泄漏引发河湖库底泥污染及处置：实例研究

刘既明; 朱伟; 吴思麟

doi:10.11779/CJGE201907015

福岛核泄漏引发河湖库底泥污染及处置：实例研究 English Version

刘既明^1,3,
朱伟^2,3, ,,
吴思麟^1,3

1. 河海大学土木与交通学院,江苏南京 210024;
2. 河海大学环境学院,江苏南京 210024;
3. 河海大学岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室,江苏南京 210024

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”计划）项目（2015CB057803）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2017B702X14）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘既明(1995— ),男,硕士研究生,主要从事疏浚淤泥资源化利用的理论和技术方面的研究工作。E-mail: kimingliu@yeah.net。

通讯作者:
朱伟，E-mail：zhuweiteam.hhu@gmail.com

中图分类号: TU461
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-01
- 发布日期: 2019-07-24

Sediment contamination and disposal after Fukushima nuclear accident： a case study

LIU Ji-ming^1,3,
ZHU Wei^2,3, ,,
WU Si-lin^1,3

1. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
2. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China

摘要

摘要: 福岛核电站泄漏事故造成的水体污染问题主要聚焦于用水安全及辐射剂量。日本环境省的调查显示水体的放射性污染物主要累积于底泥之中,用水安全问题较小,可以得到保障。就底泥放射物的辐射问题而言,由于水对 $\gamma$ 射线有遮蔽作用,水深较大的水体暂时不会对人体造成危害,而水深较小存在枯水期的池塘则可能需要进行处理。针对这类水体的处理日本各施工企业因地制宜地开发使用了多种新的工法。本文梳理了核泄漏事故后日本政府进行或发起的水体污染调查、研究,和污染处理的决策、施工等过程,介绍了其中有代表性的一些处理工法,此外还介绍了福岛第一核电站港湾内高放射性污染浮泥的原位覆盖处理实例。
- 核污染处理 /
- 底泥污染 /
- 底泥处理 /
- 薄层疏浚 /
- 原位覆盖
Abstract: Fukushima nuclear accident has caused serious pollution, including water body pollution. The water contamination and radiation from contaminated sediments have raised great concern among Japanese government and the public. A survey conducted by Ministry of Environment of Japan shows that most radioactive contaminants in water bodies are accumulated in sediments, and the water contamination is negligible under most circumstances. It has no need to deal with the contaminated sediments that constantly lie under several meters of water, for water shields $\gamma$ -rays. However, the ponds in rural area with a dry period may have the necessity of disposal. Various construction companies in Japan have developed a variety of disposal methods according to the local conditions. This paper presents the investigations and researches of water body pollution initiated by Japanese Government, and the process of decision-making and operation of pollution treatment, with some representative new methods and their application cases. An introduction to the unique example of in-situ coverage for fluid mud within the harbor of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is presented as well.
- nuclear accident /
- contaminated sediment /
- sediment treatment /
- thin dredging /
- in-situ coverage

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参考文献(12)

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