Abstract: Rugged mountainous areas in western China are featured with complex geology and high seismicity, which endangers the safe operation of oil and gas pipeline tunnels. Taking a pipeline tunnel in a high-seismic region as the background, this study adopts numerical simulation and large-scale shaking table tests to investigate the dynamic responses of tunnels and overhead pipelines crossing soft-hard rock interfaces under different peak ground accelerations (PGA). The stress-strain behavior and failure modes of the structures at rock interfaces are analyzed. The results demonstrate that dynamic responses of the tunnel mainly occur near soft-hard rock interfaces. The peak maximum and minimum principal stresses at the tunnel crown and springline rise by 15%-63% with increased seismic intensity, and the lining is subjected to adverse tension-compression stress. For overhead pipelines, obvious dynamic responses appear at interface-side supports and mid-spans, and axial stress presents a wave-shaped distribution around the interface. At PGA = 0.6 g, the pipeline peak axial stress reaches 40-45 MPa, larger than that of pipeline sections away from the interface. Longitudinal cracks commonly develop at the lining shoulders and springlines near the interface. Segment C of the interface lining suffers the most severe damage, with penetrating longitudinal cracks up to 60 cm in length. The overhead pipeline experiences remarkable longitudinal stress concentration with a peak strain of 150.85 με and an overall torsional deformation of about 15° during earthquakes. The findings can serve as a reference for the seismic design and safe operation of oil and gas pipeline tunnels crossing soft-hard rock strata in high-seismic areas.