Constitutive model for thixotropic fluid considering phase characteristics of liquefaction of saturated sand

WANG Zhihua; JI Zhanpeng; YI Ruibo; ZHANG Xinlei; GAO Hongmei; LIU Lu

doi:10.11779/CJGE20230294

Volume 46 Issue 11

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Supplements

Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering > 2024 > 46(11): 2275-2283. > DOI: 10.11779/CJGE20230294

WANG Zhihua, JI Zhanpeng, YI Ruibo, ZHANG Xinlei, GAO Hongmei, LIU Lu. Constitutive model for thixotropic fluid considering phase characteristics of liquefaction of saturated sand[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2024, 46(11): 2275-2283. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE20230294

Citation:

PDF (4556 KB)

Constitutive model for thixotropic fluid considering phase characteristics of liquefaction of saturated sand

WANG Zhihua^{1, 2,},
JI Zhanpeng^{1, 2},
YI Ruibo^{1, 2},
ZHANG Xinlei^{1, 2, ,},
GAO Hongmei^{1, 2},
LIU Lu^{1, 2}

1.
Research Center of Urban Underground Space, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
2.
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China

More Information

Received Date: April 05, 2023

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Reasonable evaluation of the property evolution of saturated sand during liquefaction and the dynamic response under cyclic loading is the key to solve the problem of large deformation of liquefied sand. Through the undrained cyclic triaxial tests on saturated sand, the dynamic response of saturated medium-density Nanjing fine sand during liquefaction process is analyzed, and its stage characteristics are discussed. The Gompertz function is introduced to describe the relationship between apparent viscosity and pore pressure ratio, and an improved thixotropic pore pressure fluid model is proposed. The main conclusions are as follows : (1) According to the growth rate of pore pressure ratio, the liquefaction process is divided into four stages: solid stage, solid-fluid stage, thixotropic fluid stage and stable stage. (2) The relationship between apparent viscosity and pore pressure ratio is described by using the Gompertz function instead of the linear function. A modified thixotropic pore pressure fluid model considering stage characteristics is proposed, which provides a new unified method for solving seismic liquefaction problems.

FullText(HTML)

References (16)

References

[1]	SHAO Z F, ZHONG J H, HOWELL J, et al. Liquefaction structures induced by the M5.7 earthquake on May 28, 2018 in Songyuan, Jilin Province, NE China and research implication[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2020, 9(1): 1-19. doi: 10.1186/s42501-019-0049-z
[2]	SERIKAWA Y, SETIAWAN H, NAKAMURA M, et al. Damage to houses and buildings induced by liquefaction in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes in Japan[J]. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser A1 (Structural Engineering & Earthquake Engineering), 2017, 73(4): 1601-1607.
[3]	许成顺, 高英, 杜修力, 等. 双向耦合剪切条件下饱和砂土动强度特性试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(12): 2335-2340. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201412024 XU Chengshun, GAO Ying, DU Xiuli, et al. Dynamic strength of saturated sand under bi-directional cyclic loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(12): 2335-2340. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201412024
[4]	SEED H B, LEE K L. Liquefaction of saturated sands during cyclic loading[J]. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 1966, 92(6): 105-134. doi: 10.1061/JSFEAQ.0000913
[5]	KONSTADINOU M, GEORGIANNOU V N. Prediction of pore water pressure generation leading to liquefaction under torsional cyclic loading[J]. Soils and Foundations, 2014, 54(5): 993-1005. doi: 10.1016/j.sandf.2014.09.010
[6]	PAN H, CHEN G X, LIU H L, et al. Behavior of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated Nanjing fine sand[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2011, 10(2): 187-193. doi: 10.1007/s11803-011-0057-1
[7]	PAN H, CHEN G X, SUN T, et al. Behaviour of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated sand-gravel composites[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2012, 19(2): 547-552. doi: 10.1007/s11771-012-1038-x
[8]	王志华, 何健, 高洪梅, 等. 基于触变流体理论的可液化土体振动孔压模型[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(12): 2332-2340. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201812023 WANG Zhihua, HE Jian, GAO Hongmei, et al. Dynamic pore water pressure model for liquefiable soils based on theory of thixotropic fluid[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 40(12): 2332-2340. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201812023
[9]	王志华, 吕丛, 许振巍, 等. 循环荷载下饱和砂土的孔压触变性[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(10): 1831-1837. doi: 10.11779/CJGE201410010 WANG Zhihua, LÜ Cong, XU Zhenwei, et al. Thixotropy induced by vibration pore water pressure of saturated sands under cyclic loadings[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(10): 1831-1837. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11779/CJGE201410010
[10]	SEED H B, MARTIN P P, LYSMER J. Pore-water pressure changes during soil liquefaction[J]. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 1976, 102(4): 323-346. doi: 10.1061/AJGEB6.0000258
[11]	NEMAT-NASSER S, SHOKOOH A. A unified approach to densification and liquefaction of cohesionless sand in cyclic shearing[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1979, 16(4): 659-678. doi: 10.1139/t79-076
[12]	MELE L. An experimental study on the apparent viscosity of sandy soils: from liquefaction triggering to pseudo-plastic behaviour of liquefied sands[J]. Acta Geotechnica, 2022, 17(2): 463-481. doi: 10.1007/s11440-021-01261-2
[13]	LIRER S, MELE L. On the apparent viscosity of granular soils during liquefaction tests[J]. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 2019, 17(11): 5809-5824. doi: 10.1007/s10518-019-00706-0
[14]	CHENG D C H, EVANS F. Phenomenological characterization of the rheological behaviour of inelastic reversible thixotropic and antithixotropic fluids[J]. British Journal of Applied Physics, 1965, 16(11): 1599-1617. doi: 10.1088/0508-3443/16/11/301
[15]	CHENG D C. Characterisation of thixotropy revisited[J]. Rheologica Acta, 2003, 42(4): 372-382. doi: 10.1007/s00397-002-0286-3
[16]	WANG Z H, MA J L, GAO H M, et al. Unified thixotropic fluid model for soil liquefaction[J]. Géotechnique, 2020, 70(10): 849-862. doi: 10.1680/jgeot.17.P.300