Simplified calculation of heaving of soldier piles during excavation of foundation pits

The heave of soldier piles in foundation pit may lead to system instability and structural cracking or failure. So far, there is no theoretical way for calculating the heaving soldier piles. Based on the unloading stress and rebound deformation of excavations, a simplified method for the heave of soldier piles is proposed considering two types of relations between the depth of the rebound effect under different excavation conditions. The influence of some typical upper structures on stiffness is analyzed. The calculated results are compared with the measured values. Some corrected parameter are proposed. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated.