混凝土面板砂砾石坝漫顶溃决过程数值模拟

陈生水; 曹伟; 霍家平; 钟启明

混凝土面板砂砾石坝漫顶溃决过程数值模拟 English Version

陈生水^1,2,
曹伟^1,2,
霍家平^1,2,
钟启明^1,2

(1. 南京水利科学研究院，江苏南京 210029；2. 水利部土石坝破坏机理与防控技术重点实验室，江苏南京 210029)

基金项目: 水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目（201001034）；国家自然科学基金项目（51109141，90815024）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈生水(1962– )，男，江苏高淳人，教授级高级工程师，博士生导师，主要从事土石坝与岩土工程方面的科学研究与技术咨询工作。E-mail: sschen@nhri.cn。

中图分类号: TV641
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-02-05
- 发布日期: 2012-07-24

Numerical simulation for overtopping-induced break process of concrete-faced sandy gravel dams

(1. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Earth-Rock Dam Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China)

摘要

摘要: 基于混凝土面板砂砾石坝溃决机理，提出了一种模拟其漫顶溃决过程的数值计算方法。该方法针对砂砾石料级配范围宽，最大颗粒与最小颗粒粒径相差大的特点，引入与水流方向垂直的附加作用力来考虑粗颗粒对细颗粒的阻拦、遮蔽以及细颗粒对粗颗粒的包围、填实等作用，导出了能较为合理反映砂砾石料特性的临界起动流速；建议了一个砂砾石料的冲蚀公式，给出了面板折断时间与坝体冲蚀量之间的数学表达式，较为合理地确定面板的折断时刻。利用该方法对青海省沟后水库面板砂砾石坝的溃决过程进行了模拟计算，得出的溃口发展规律与溃坝洪水流量过程与溃坝调查结果大体相符，验证了其合理性。
- 面板砂砾石坝 /
- 漫顶溃决 /
- 溃坝过程 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: On the basis of the break mechanism of concrete-faced sandy gravel dams, a numerical method is proposed to simulate the overtopping-induced break processes of the concrete-faced sandy gravel dams. In this method, based on the characteristics of dam materials, such as wide gradation and particle size variation, additional force which is perpendicular to water flow direction is brought into the model to consider the drag and bridging effects of coarse particles on fine particles and the effects of fine particles surrounding and filling coarse particles so as to derive reasonable critical incipient velocity of sandy gravel materials. An erosion formula for sandy gravel materials is proposed as an expression of the relationship between the rupture time of the concrete face and the erosion quantity of the dam materials. Thus a fairly rational determination of the rupture time of the concrete face is realized. The proposed method is applied in the numerical simulation of the overtopping-induced break processes of the concrete-faced sandy gravel dam of Gouhou Reservoir in Qinghai Province. The results show a fairly good agreement between the calculated and observed data of break processes and discharge hydrographs, hence its reasonability is proved.
- concrete-faced sandy gravel dam /
- overtopping-induced break /
- break process /
- numerical simulation

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参考文献(36)

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