地震作用下面板堆石坝面板错台模型试验研究

孔宪京; 刘福海; 刘 君

地震作用下面板堆石坝面板错台模型试验研究 English Version

孔宪京^1,2,
刘福海¹,
刘君^1,2,

1. 大连理工大学海岸与近海工程国家重点实验室，辽宁大连116024; 2. 大连理工大学水利工程学院，辽宁大连 116024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（ 90815024 ， 50978045 ）

详细信息

作者简介:
孔宪京 (1952 – ) ，男，江苏南京人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事岩土地震工程和高土石坝抗震的研究。

中图分类号: TV641
计量
- 文章访问数: 1185
- HTML全文浏览量: 2
- PDF下载量: 751
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-01-20
- 发布日期: 2012-02-19

Shaking table model tests on face-slab dislocation of concrete faced rock-fill dams under earthquakes

1. State Key Laboratory of Coastal & Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; 2. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

摘要

摘要: 采用弹性–重力相似关系设计了一组混凝土面板堆石坝（面板坝）振动台模型试验，研制开发了仿真面板材料，设计了一套图像采集、存储与分析系统。根据图像识别技术分析结果以及模型的数值计算分析结果，详细分析了面板坝面板错台机理，并与汶川地震中紫坪铺面板坝面板错台震害进行了对比分析。研究结果表明，地震造成的堆石体永久变形对面板产生的向下摩擦力和向外推力是造成面板错台的主要原因。模型试验结果与数值计算结果和实际震害基本吻合，表明振动台模型试验可以再现原型的主要破坏特征。
- 面板堆石坝 /
- 振动台模型试验 /
- 图像识别 /
- PIV /
- 紫坪铺 /
- 面板错台
Abstract: Shaking table model tests on concrete faced rock-fill dams are designed according to the elasticity-gravity similarity rules. Face-slab model materials are developed, and a system for the image collect ion, storage and pattern recognition is presented. On the basis of the results of the PIV analysis and the numerical simulation, t he dislocation mechanism of the face-slab under earthquakes is analyzed, and the results are compared with the real dislocation damage of Zipingpu Dam during Wenchuan Earthquake. The results of the model tests agree with those of numerical simulation . Both of them reveal the slab dislocation phenomenon of Zipingpu Dam. The results show that the main reasons of the face-slab dislocation are the thrust force towards the upstream and the friction force towards the downstream along the slab due to the permanent deformation of the rock-fill . Shaking table model tests can reflect the main damage characteristics of the prototype dams.
- concrete faced rock-fill dam /
- shaking table model test /
- pattern recognition /
- PIV /
- Zipingpu Dam /
- face-slab dislocation

HTML全文

参考文献(25)

[1]	关志诚 . 紫坪铺水利枢纽工程 5.12 震害调查与安全状态评述 [J]. 中国科学 (E 辑 : 技术科学 ), 2009, 39 (7): 1291 – 1303. (GUAN Zhi-cheng. The earthquake damage survey and the safety statement review of Zipingpu dam during 5 · 12 earthquake[J]. Science in China(Series E: Technological Sciences), 2009, 39 (7): 1291 – 1303. (in Chinese))
[2]	孔宪京 , 娄树莲 , 邹德高 , 等 . 筑坝堆石料的等效动剪切模量与等效阻尼比 [J] . 水利学报 , 2001(8): 20 – 25. (KONG Xian-jing, LOU Shu-lian, ZOU De-gao, et al. The equivalent dynamic shear modulus and equivalent damping ratio of rock-fill material for dam[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2001(8): 20 – 25. (in Chinese))
[3]	姜朴 , 汤书明 . 土石坝模型动力试验与计算 [J]. 水利学报 , 1992(2): 53 – 57. (JIANG Pu, TANG Shu-ming. Dynamic model tests and calculations of embankment dam[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1992(2): 53 – 57. (in Chinese))
[4]	韩国城 , 孔宪京 . 混凝土面板堆石坝抗震研究进展 [J]. 大连理工大学学报 , 1996, 36 (6): 708 – 720. (HAN Guo-cheng. KONG Xian-jing. Aseismatic studies of concrete faced rockfill dams: state of the art[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology , 1996, 36 (6): 708 – 720. (in Chinese))
[5]	陈生水 , 沈珠江 . 钢筋混凝土面板坝的地震永久变形分析 [J]. 岩土工程学报 , 1990, 12 (3): 66 – 72 . (CHEN Sheng-shui, SHEN Zhu-jiang. The earthquake permanent deformation analysis of the concrete faced dam [J]. Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1990, 12 (3): 66 – 72 . (in Chinese))
[6]	孔宪京 , 邹德高 , 邓学晶 , 等 . 高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算 [J] . 水利学报 , 2006, 37 (12): 1489 – 1495. (KONG Xian-jing, ZOU De-gao, Deng Xue-jing, et al. Comprehensive earthquake resistant measure of high earth-rockfill dams and effectiveness verification[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 2006, 37 (12): 1489 – 1495. (in Chinese))
[7]	孔宪京 , 刘君 , 韩国城 . 面板堆石坝动力破坏模型试验与数值仿真分析 [J] . 岩土工程学报 , 2003, 25 (1): 26 – 30. (KONG Xian-jing, LIU Jun, HAN Guo-cheng. Dynamic failure test and numerical simulation of model concrete-faced rock-fill dam[J]. Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering , 2003, 25 (1): 26 – 30. (in Chinese))
[8]	郦能惠 , 孙大伟 , 李登华 , 等 . 300 m 级超高面板堆石坝变形规律的研究 [J]. 岩土工程学报 , 2009, 31 (2): 155 – 160. (LI Neng-hui, SUN Da-wei, LI Deng-hua, et al. Deformation behavior of 300 m high-concrete face rockfill dams [J]. Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2009, 31 (2): 155 – 160. (in Chinese))
[9]	孔宪京 , 邹德高 , 周扬 , 等 . 汶川地震中紫坪铺混凝土面板堆石坝震害分析 [J]. 大连理工大学学报 , 2009, 49 (5): 667 – 674. (KONG Xian-jing, ZOU De-gao, ZHOU Yang, et al. Earthquake damage analysis of Zipingpu concrete face rock-fill dam during Wenchuan earthquake [J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology , 2009, 49 (5): 667 – 674. (in Chinese))
[10]	赵剑明 , 刘小生 , 温彦锋 , 等 . 紫坪铺大坝汶川地震震害分析及高土石坝抗震减灾研究设想 [J]. 水力发电 , 2009, 35 (5): 11 – 14. (ZHAO Jian-ming, LIU Xiao-sheng, WEN Yan-feng, et al. Analysis of earthquake damage of the Zipingpu Dam in Wenchuan earthquake and the study proposal on the anti-earthquake and disaster reduction of high earth-rock dam [J]. Water Power , 2009, 35 (5): 11 – 14. (in Chinese))
[11]	陈生水 , 霍家平 , 章为民 . “ 5 . 12 ”汶川地震对紫坪铺混凝土面板坝的影响及原因分析 [J]. 岩土工程学报 , 2008, 30 (6): 795 – 801. (CHEN Sheng-shui, HUO Jia-ping, ZHANG Wei-min. Analysis of effects of 5 . 12 Wenchuan Earthquake on Zipingpu Concrete Face Rock-fill Dam [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering , 2008, 30 (6): 795 – 801. (in Chinese))
[12]	朱晟 , 杨鸽 , 周建平 , 等 . “5 . 12” 汶川地震紫坪铺面板堆石坝静动力初步反演研究 [J]. 四川大学学报 ( 工程科学版 ), 2010, 42 (5): 113 – 119 . (ZHU Sheng, YANG Ge, ZHOU Jian-ping, et al. Back analysis on static and dynamic characteristics of Zipingpu CFRD under 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Sichuan University, 2010, 42 (5): 113 – 119 . (in Chinese))
[13]	刘小生 , 王钟宁 , 赵剑明 , 等 . 面板堆石坝振动模型试验及动力分析研究 [J]. 水利学报 , 2002(2): 29 – 35. (LIU Xiao-sheng, WANG Zhong-ning, ZHAO Jian-ming, et al. Advancement of technology on shaking table model test and dynamic analysis of CFRD[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering , 2002(2): 29 – 35. (in Chinese))
[14]	孔宪京 , 李永胜 , 邹德高 , 等 . 加筋边坡振动台模型试验研究 [J]. 水力发电学报 , 2009, 28 (5): 152 – 157. (KONG Xian-jing, LI Yong-sheng, ZOU De-gao, et al. Shaking table model tests on soil slope reinforced with geo-grid [J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2009, 28 (5): 152 – 157. (in Chinese))
[15]	林皋 , 朱彤 , 林蓓 . 结构动力模型试验的相似技巧 [J]. 大连理工大学学报 , 2000, 40 (1): 1 – 8. (LIN Gao, ZHU Tong, LIN Bei. Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test [J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology , 2000, 40 (1): 1 – 8. (in Chinese))
[16]	孔宪京 . 混凝土面板堆石坝抗震性能研究 [D]. 大连 : 大连理工大学 , 1990. (KONG Xian-jing. Study on the performance of concrete-faced rockfill dams during earthquakes[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 1990 . (in Chinese))
[17]	刘小生 , 王钟宁 , 汪小刚 , 等 . 面板坝大型振动台模型试验与动力分析 [M]. 北京 : 中国水利水电出版社 , 知识产权出版社 , 2005. (LIU Xiao-sheng, WANG Zhong-ning, WANG Xiao-gang, et al. Advancement of technology on shaking table model test and dynamic analysis of CFRD[M]. Beijing: China WaterPower Press, Intellectual Oroperty Press, 2005. (in Chinese))
[18]	朱彤 , 林皋 , 马恒春 . 混凝土仿真材料特性及其应用的试验研究 [J]. 水力发电学报 , 2004, 23 (4): 31 – 37. (ZHU Tong, LIN Gao, MA Heng-chun. The test research on properties and applications of emulation concrete material [J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering , 2004, 23 (4): 31 – 37. (in Chinese))
[19]	REN L, CHEN J Y, LI H N, et al . Design and application of a fiber Bragg grating strain sensor with enhanced sensitivity in the small-scale dam model[J]. Smart Materials and Structures, 2009, 18 (3): 7.
[20]	刘君 , 刘福海 , 孔宪京 , 等 . PIV 技术在大型振动台模型试验中的应用 [J]. 岩土工程学报 , 2010, 32 (3): 368 – 374. (LIU Jun, LIU Fu-hai, KONG Xian-jing, et al. Application of PIV in large-scale shaking table model tests[J]. Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering , 2010, 32 (3): 368 – 374. (in Chinese))
[21]	沈珠江 . 理论土力学 [M]. 北京 : 中国水利水电出版社 , 1999. (SHEN Zhu-jiang. Theoretical soil mechanics[M]. Beijing: China WaterPower Press, 1999. (in Chinese))
[22]	Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. FLAC-3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions) Version 3.0, User manual[S]. 2004.
[23]	PRADHAN TEJ B S , KONG Xian-jing, TATSUOKA Fumio, et al. Dynamic deformation properties of sand at extremely low pressures-testing method[R]. Seisan-Kenkyu/Report of the institute of industrial science, the University of Tokyo, 1986, 38 (2): 24 – 27.
[24]	KONG Xian-jing, PRADHAN TEJ B S, TATSUOKA Fumio, et al. Dynamic deformation properties of sand at extremely low pressures-test results[R]. Seisan- Kenkyu/Report of the institute of industrial science, the University of Tokyo,1986, 38 (2): 28 – 31.
[25]	KONG Xian-jing, PRADHAN TEJ B S, TATSUOKA Fumio, et al. Dynamic deformation properties of sand at extremely low pressures-empirical relations[R]. Seisan-Kenkyu/Report of the institute of industrial science, the University of Tokyo, 1986, 38 (3): 11 – 14.