Abstract: Subway stations serve as the vital hubs in underground transportation systems and play a critical role in facilitating social and economic exchanges as well as interpersonal interactions. However, these stations are also susceptible to various disaster risks. The historical incidents, including earthquakes, have had severe consequences on underground transit networks, leading to significant disruptions in urban functionality. Therefore, assessing the resilience of key transportation hubs such as subway stations is crucial for enhancing the urban safety and ensuring their continued functionality. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive resilience assessment framework for shallow-buried subway stations to evaluate their robustness and rapid recovery capability, considering the uncertainty of seismic intensity. The proposed framework involves the utilization of finite element software to build numerical models for the relevant subway stations. Subsequently, a large number of numerical analyses are conducted using the selected seismic motions to derive vulnerability functions for the subway stations based on the peak ground acceleration. Additionally, the Monte Carlo simulations are employed to further quantify the uncertainty of seismic motion intensity, ultimately determining the probabilities of damage of the subway station damage at various stages. By integrating the probabilities of damage with the relationship between damage and economic loss and considering the recovery paths and recoverability of the subway stations, a comprehensive resilience assessment is achieved. The impacts of performance recovery models, site conditions and disaster preparedness time on the seismic resilience of the subway stations are evaluated and discussed using the derived resilience index R. This research contributes to the design and management of subway networks based on resilience, enabling them to adapt to seismic disasters and facilitating the effective allocation of resources by the relevant decision-makers.