Abstract: With the support project of open-cut foundation pit of Luoyang Railway Station as the background, three groups of small-scale model tests are carried out to study the variation of lateral displacement of support structures of foundation pit during the excavation process, and the variation law of displacement of support piles after excavation and the consideration of the different pile spacings are discussed.The results show that the displacement of piles increases first and then decreases with the increase of the depth of foundation pit, and increases slowly and sharply in the middle of foundation pit.The maximum displacement depth of piles is 1/6 of the depth of foundation pit at the bottom of foundation pit, and the displacement of piles reaches 3.91 cm.The displacement of pile body increases with the ground load.The maximum displacement of piles is 1.8 cm.The displacement of piles increases by 41.1%and the maximum displacement of piles is 2.54 cm as the distance increases to 1/2 of the top of foundation pit.When the distance increases to 1/6 of the bottom of foundation pit, the displacement of piles increases sharply.The maximum displacement of piles is 3.91 cm, which is nearly 1.2 times larger than that of the top 1/6 of the foundation pit.The research results have important guiding significance for the design of deep foundation pit of Luoyang Railway Station.