Experimental study on moistening deformation characteristics of compacted loess and their influencing factors
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摘要: 作为建筑材料的黄土在工程建设中大多经过压实处理,其增湿变形特性与工程安全密切相关。已有的对黄土增湿变形性质的研究,基本上是针对原状黄土开展的,对压实黄土较少涉及。通过双线法增湿湿陷试验,对压实黄土在增湿条件下的压缩及增湿变形性质进行了较系统的研究,并进行了压缩和湿陷变形影响因素的方差分析。结果表明：①随增湿含水率的增加,压实黄土的压缩性增大,湿陷性减小,压实度越小,这种效应越明显;不同压力下,湿陷变形对增湿的敏感性不同;②随增湿含水率的增加,增湿变形起始压力减小,增湿变形终止压力增大,增湿变形压力区间增大,可用增湿变形系数反映已有增湿水平下土体湿陷性的退化程度;③方差分析表明,相同增湿含水率下,压实黄土最终变形仅受最终压力的影响,加荷路径、浸水路径及两者的耦合对其影响很小;④未浸水饱和压缩时,密实度、初始含水率和压力,以及它们的交互作用均对压缩变形有显著影响,压力的影响最大,其次是密实度和初始含水率;与未浸水情况不同的是,浸水饱和压缩时初始含水率的影响很小;⑤增湿含水率、压力和密实度,以及它们的交互作用均显著影响压实黄土的湿陷性,其中增湿起始含水率的影响最大,密实度次之,压力最小。Abstract: As a building material, the loess is usually required to be compacted in engineering construction, thus the deformation characteristics of compacted loess with the increase of water content are closely related to the safety of the project. The compressible and collapsible deformations of the compacted loess with the increase of water content are studied using collapse tests carried out with the double line method, and their influencing factors are investigated by both single and multivariate analyses of variance. The research results indicate that: (1) With the increase of moistening water content, the compressibility of compacted loess increases, and the collapse property decreases; the smaller the degree of compaction, the more obvious the effect; the sensitivity of collapsible deformation to moistening water content is different under different pressures; (2) With the increase of moistening water content, the initial pressure of moistening collapse decreases, the termination pressure of moistening collapse increases, and the collapsible pressure range increases. The moistening collapsibility coefficient can be used to reflect the collapsibility degradation degree under the existing moistening water content; (3) The single and multivariate analyses of variance indicate that the final amount of deformation is affected mainly by the ultimate pressure, and the influences of loading path, immersion path and their coupling path are very small; (4) Three influencing factors of compaction degree, initial water content and pressure, and their interaction have significant influences on the compressible deformation; (5) Three influencing factors of compaction degree, initial water content and pressure, and their interaction have significant influences on the compressible deformation under unsaturated compression, and the influences of pressure are the largest, followed by the density and initial moistening water content; compared with those of the
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