不同加载速率下岩爆碎块耗能特征试验研究

苏国韶; 陈智勇; 蒋剑青; 莫金海; 石焱炯

doi:10.11779/CJGE201608016

不同加载速率下岩爆碎块耗能特征试验研究 English Version

广西大学土木建筑工程学院工程防灾与结构安全教育部重点实验室,广西南宁 530004

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41472329）

详细信息

作者简介:
苏国韶(1973- ),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事水利工程安全研究方向。E-mail: suguoshao@163.com。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-12
- 发布日期: 2016-08-24

Experimental study on energy dissipating characteristics of rockburst fragments under different loading rates

School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structual Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

摘要

摘要: 利用自主研发的真三轴岩爆试验系统,以红色粗晶花岗岩作为岩石长方体试件,开展了不同加载速率的应变型岩爆室内模拟试验,在提出一种岩爆碎块单位面积表面能测定方法的基础上,结合应力-应变曲线分析,实现了岩爆碎块耗能组成的定量化分析,进而探讨了不同轴向加载速率下岩爆碎块的耗能特征。研究结果表明：①在单面临空真三轴压缩条件下,只有在足够大的轴向加载速率下,岩样集聚一定的弹性应变能并通过岩板劈裂以及潜在岩爆坑等岩爆碎块的形成耗散适当能量,岩爆弹射破坏才可能发生;②在0.5~30 kN/s加载速率范围内,随着加载速率的增大,碎块破碎程度呈降低趋势,碎块耗能呈线性减小趋势;③不同加载速率下的岩爆碎块中,片状粗粒碎块主要来自岩爆坑表面,主要为张拉破坏所致,棱块状的中粒碎块、细粒碎块,粉末状的微粒碎块主要来自岩爆坑内部,主要为剪切破坏所致;④不同加载速率下,岩爆碎块耗能均以剪切耗能为主,剪切耗能的百分比达到97%~99%。
- 岩石力学 /
- 岩爆 /
- 加载速率 /
- 能量耗散 /
- 真三轴试验
Abstract: The experiments on coarse-grain cuboid granite are performed for simulating ejection process of strain rockburst under different loading rates by using self-developed triaxial rockburst test system. Based on a new method for measuring surface energy per unit area, the quantitative analysis of energy dissipation of rockburst fragments is realized by with analyzing the stress-strain curve. Then energy dissipating characteristics of rockburst fragments under different loading rates are studied. The experimental results show that: (1) Under the triaxial compression with one single free face, rockburst ejection occurs when some conditions are met including that the vertical loading rate exceeds a certain rate, gathering enough elastic strain energy and dissipating proper energy through rock splitting on the surface of the free face and rock shearing in potential rockburst near the free face. (2) With the increase of loading rates ranging from 0.5~30 kN/s, the broken degree of rockburst fragments linearly declines. (3) Among the fragments under different loading rates, the coarse sheet fragments mainly come from surface of rockburst notch and are created by tension failure, and the medium-granular, fine-grained prismatic fragments and powdery tiny fragments mainly come from the interior of rockburst notch and are created by shear failure. (4) Under different loading rates, energy dissipation is mainly caused by shearing, and the percentage of energy dissipation caused by shearing reaches about 97% to 99%.
- rock mechanics /
- rockburst /
- loading rate /
- energy dissipation /
- true triaxial test

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