土石坝漫顶溃坝过程离心模型试验与数值模拟

陈生水; 方绪顺; 钟启明; 李运辉

doi:10.11779/CJGE201405017

土石坝漫顶溃坝过程离心模型试验与数值模拟 English Version

陈生水^{1, 2},
方绪顺^{1, 2},
钟启明^{1, 2},
李运辉^{1, 2}

(1. 南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京 210029；2. 水利部土石坝破坏机理与防控技术重点实验室,江苏南京 210029)

基金项目: National Natural Science Foundation of China（91215301，51109141，51209141，51209140，51379129）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈生水: CHEN Sheng-shui(1962- ), Male, Ph.D., Professor. He has been engaged in the scientific researches on the relevant earth-rock dams and the relevant technical consultations. E-mail: sschen@nhri.cn.

中图分类号: TU411.93；TV641
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- 文章访问数: 368
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-07-10
- 发布日期: 2014-05-20

Centrifugal model tests and numerical simulations for break of earth-rock dams due to overtopping

CHEN Sheng-shui^{1, 2},
FANG Xu-shun^{1, 2},
ZHONG Qi-ming^{1, 2},
LI Yun-hui^{1, 2}

1. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Earth-Rock Dam Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China

摘要

摘要: 利用溃坝离心模型试验系统,分别对3种不同坝高均质土石坝（最大坝高达32.0 m）及坝高为16.0 m的黏土心墙坝开展了漫顶溃坝试验研究,清楚地揭示了其溃决机理、溃口发展规律。结果发现,对于均质土石坝,随着坝高的增加,溃口的纵向下切与溃口边坡的失稳坍塌速度明显加快,溃口流量过程线更为陡峭,峰值流量增大,且峰值流量出现时间更早,溃坝历时更短；黏土心墙坝与均质坝溃决机理与溃口发展规律明显不同,随着漫坝水流对下游坝壳冲蚀程度的增加,黏土心墙发生剪断破坏,溃口洪水流量迅速增大。基于上述试验结果,分别提出了描述均质土石坝和黏土心墙坝溃坝过程和计算溃坝洪水流量过程的数学模型,并建议了相应的数值计算方法。数值模拟与试验结果的对比证明了建议溃坝数学模型的合理性。
- 土石坝 /
- 漫顶破坏 /
- 离心模型试验 /
- 溃坝过程数学模拟
Abstract: By means of the centrifugal model test system for break of dams, experimental studies on the break of a homogenous earth-rock dam with three different heights (the largest one is up to 32.0 m) and a clay core dam of 16.0 m in height due to overtopping failure are performed. The break mechanism and the development rules of breaches are clearly released. It is found that for the homogeneous earth-rock dams, with the increase of dam height, the longitudinal down cutting of the breaches together with the collapse rate of breaking slopes obviously increases, and the hydrographs of break discharge become steeper. The peak discharge increases and emerges earlier, and the duration of dam break becomes shorter. For the clay core dams, the break mechanism and the breach development rules are obviously different from those of the homogenous dams. With the increasing erosion of downstream dam shells by overtopping flows, shear failure of the clay core occurs and the discharge through the breach abruptly increases. Based on the above test results, numerical models for depicting the break development of homogenous earth-rock dams and clay core dams and for calculating the hydrographs of their break discharges are proposed. The methods for the relevant numerical models are also put forward. The rationality of the proposed numerical model is validated through comparison between the numerical simulations and the observed results.
- earth-rock dam /
- overtopping failure /
- centrifugal model test /
- numerical simulation of overtopping process

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参考文献(14)

[1]	Dam Safety Management Center of Ministry of Water Resources, P. R. China. Registration book of dam failures in China[R]. Nanjing: Dam Safety Management Center of Ministry of Water Resources, 2008. (in Chinese)
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文章访问数: 368
HTML全文浏览量: 4
PDF下载量: 305
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土石坝漫顶溃坝过程离心模型试验与数值模拟 English Version

作者简介: 陈生水: CHEN Sheng-shui(1962- ), Male, Ph.D., Professor. He has been engaged in the scientific researches on the relevant earth-rock dams and the relevant technical consultations. E-mail: sschen@nhri.cn.

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出版历程

Centrifugal model tests and numerical simulations for break of earth-rock dams due to overtopping

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
陈生水: CHEN Sheng-shui(1962- ), Male, Ph.D., Professor. He has been engaged in the scientific researches on the relevant earth-rock dams and the relevant technical consultations. E-mail: sschen@nhri.cn.